{"id":9224,"date":"2025-03-03T21:26:40","date_gmt":"2025-03-03T13:26:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/?p=9224"},"modified":"2025-03-03T21:38:34","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T13:38:34","slug":"umfassender-leitfaden-zu-zufuhr-und-vakuumgeraten-in-verpackungsmaschinen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/umfassender-leitfaden-zu-zufuhr-und-vakuumgeraten-in-verpackungsmaschinen\/","title":{"rendered":"Comprehensive Guide to Feeding and Vacuum Equipment in Packaging Machines"},"content":{"rendered":"

During the packaging process, the product is typically conveyed from the feeding device to the dosing device on the packaging machine for dosing, filled into the packaging container, and then wrapped and packaged.
This section introduces the feeding device typically used in packaging machines and the vacuum pump used in vacuum packaging machines. For information on the volumetric dosing device, see the chapter on the feeding machine. The section on packaging machines also describes the operating principles and some typical designs of the feeding device for packaging containers and packaging materials, the filling and dispensing device, and the packaging and sealing device.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Feeder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The function of the feeding device for packaging items is to feed the packaging items stored in the hopper to the item dosing device so that it can dose the items according to the requirements of the packaging process. The other components of the packaging machine then carry out the packaging process.
The feeding device for packaged items generally consists of a hopper, a conveyor belt, a feeder, an anti-jamming device, a sorting and orientation device, and a drive mechanism. Due to the wide variety of physical and chemical properties, natural shapes, and packaging requirements of the items, the feeding device comes in a wide range of designs.
Depending on the drive mode of the fed items, the feeding device can be divided into the following units: gravity-fed device (including gravity conveyance of finished items); belt conveyor (including chain conveyor); screw conveyor; pump; rotary table slide; vibratory feeder; etc.
The feeding system should be simple in design and operate reliably, adapt to the physical and chemical properties of the material being fed, and be tailored to the subsequent packaging process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gravity Feeder<\/strong>
The gravity feed system takes advantage of the fact that objects can flow from top to bottom due to gravity. The objects are placed at the top and flow downward along the fixed material channel, enabling the feed of the objects. As the items flow through the material channel, arches or bridges can easily form, which can lead to poor flow or even blockages. Therefore, the flow channel should be smooth and level, and the necessary anti-blocking agitators should be installed. For items with orientation requirements, a sorting and alignment device should also be installed. Items that cannot be automatically aligned should be manually arranged in advance and stacked in the hopper.
The figure illustrates the operating principle of the gravity-fed conveyor for powders and granules. The material in hopper 1 flows continuously to the dosing turntable 4 under the influence of its own weight and the agitator 5. The fixed scraper 2 scrapes the excess material from the dosing cup 3 of the turntable, thereby enabling dosing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piece-Goods Feeding Device<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The figure shows a schematic diagram of the piece-goods feeder. Figure (a) shows a piece-goods feeder with automatic sorting and alignment, which is suitable for the automatic feeding of cylindrical pieces with relatively short lengths and small diameters. The unordered parts are stored in the hopper. The alignment mechanism 2 and the ejector 6 align the parts in the feed trough 7, and the parts move along the feed trough toward the feeder 1 under their own weight, enabling intermittent feeding of the parts. Figure (b) shows a feeder for pieces of relatively large length and diameter, which are difficult to sort and align automatically. The pieces must first be manually arranged in the hopper. Due to the weight of the pieces and the action of the agitator 2, the pieces move along the feed trough 7 toward the feeder 1, which feeds them to the next process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Belt Conveyor<\/strong>
Belt conveyors can be used to feed bulk materials, blocks, bags, and general cargo, and can consist of multiple belts to meet the various requirements of the packaging process.
The figure shows a schematic diagram of the belt conveyor. The items are transported from the hopper 5 to the unloading device 6, where they are unloaded. The tensioning device 8 is used to regulate the belt tension, and the guide roller 7 is used to increase the wrap angle in order to ensure the conveyor\u2019s capacity.
The conveyor belt in the belt conveyor comes into contact with the materials being conveyed. The appropriate belt material must be selected and the necessary physical and chemical treatments must be performed in accordance with the physical and chemical properties of the materials being conveyed, as well as their hygiene requirements. Conveyor belts can be made of cotton canvas, synthetic fiber fabric, rubber canvas, nylon film, steel belts, wire mesh belts, etc. Common physical and chemical treatment methods for belts include impregnation and coating with surface protective layers, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Chain Feeder<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The figure shows a schematic representation of a chain conveyor used to transport toothpaste on a toothpaste cartoning machine. The figure illustrates the basic structure of a chain conveyor, which is typically used to feed packaged items. The drive component for transporting the items consists of two parallel ring chains. The two chains are connected by a small shaft or a slat to keep them parallel and at a uniform distance from each other. Special chain plates are attached to the chain, or rollers and pallets are mounted on the small shaft (slat) between the two chains. Accessories such as push plates are used to move the packaged items forward. A standard bushing roller chain, a bushing roller chain with a special long chain plate, a flat chain, etc., is typically used as the drive chain. To ensure proper meshing of the chain and sprocket teeth and the positional accuracy of the feed, a chain tensioning device is usually required.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Chain conveyors are suitable for conveying general cargo and bars, where precise positioning of packaged items and specific packaging operations are required during transport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rotating Disc Feeder
<\/strong>As the rotating disc turns, the materials stored in the disc hopper can move toward the outer edge of the rotating disc under the influence of friction and centrifugal force; they are arranged in a tangential direction along the disc and enter the conveyor channel tangentially at the outer edge of the disc. By placing a specific conveying device in the conveying channel, the automatic sorting and directed arrangement of the materials can be achieved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


The illustration shows how the feeding device with a conical bottom disc works. The conical bottom disc increases the material\u2019s tendency to move toward the outer edge of the rotating disc. The materials are aligned along the tangent of the disc and enter the conveyor chute one after another. This device has a simple design and is reliable in operation. It is suitable for the automatic sorting and directed feeding of various small columns, sleeves, covers, blocks, and sheet materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Electromagnetic Vibrating Feeder
<\/strong>The vibrating conveyor uses vibration technology to transport loose powder and small objects over medium and short distances. Depending on the design of the vibrating body, a distinction can be made between trough-type and disc-type hoppers. Depending on the type of excitation source, a distinction is made between mechanical, electromagnetic, hydraulic, and pneumatic types. Here, we will focus primarily on the electromagnetic vibrating conveyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


The structure of the electromagnetic vibrating conveyor generally consists of an excitation electromagnet, armatures, vibrating bodies, main vibration springs, vibration damping springs, and bases. As shown in the figure, the vibrating trough body (or hopper) is supported on the base by the main vibration plate spring; the iron core and coil of the electromagnet are mounted on the base; and the armature is attached to the bottom of the vibrating body. There is an angle between the working surface of the vibrating trough body and the horizontal (the vibrating trough contains a spiral conveying channel with a spiral rise angle of \u03b1), and there is also an angle between the main vibration plate spring and the vertical plane. The entire unit is connected by bolts, vibration-damping springs, and the frame.
Obviously, the principles of the disc-funnel type and the straight trough type are fundamentally the same, except that the straight trough conveyor channel is replaced by a spiral conveyor channel, and the swivel vibration is replaced by torsional vibration.
Let's take the straight-trough vibrating feeder as an example to illustrate how a vibrating feeder works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


As shown in Figure (a), the object is placed inside the trough. Under the influence of the electromagnetic excitation force and the main vibration plate spring, the trough performs a directed forced vibration. If the trough moves upward to the right, the object is carried along by the frictional force and accelerates upward to the right. If the trough is decelerated upward to the right or accelerated downward to the left by electromagnetic attraction, the object, due to the kinetic energy it has absorbed, tends to continue moving upward and to the right, or to slide a short distance to the right relative to the trough\u2019s working surface, or even to perform a projectile motion at an angle upward and to the right and then fall back onto the trough\u2019s working surface. If the trough body moves upward and to the right again, the object is accelerated once more by friction, and the described motion cycle repeats itself. In this way, each time the trough body moves back and forth and vibrates, the item moves a certain distance to the right relative to the trough\u2019s counterbody, thereby fulfilling the requirement for item feeding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vacuum device<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The vacuum pump is the main working component of the vacuum packaging machine. Its performance directly affects the degree of vacuum. Two main types of vacuum pumps are used in vacuum packaging machines: an oil-bath eccentric rotor vacuum pump (also known as a vane vacuum pump) and an oil-bath rotary vane vacuum pump. As shown in the figure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oil-bath eccentric-rotor vacuum pump
<\/strong>Principle of operation: See figure. Pump 12 contains a rotary vane 9, which consists of a valve ring and a valve spindle. The valve ring of the rotor slide is mounted on the eccentric rotor 10, with the geometric centers of the rotating shaft 11 and the pump chamber 13 coinciding. The valve spindle at the upper part of the rotor valve can slide freely up and down within the cylindrical valve pin 2 and swing left and right. The valve ring sleeve slides along the surface of the pump chamber 13. When the shaft 11 rotates counterclockwise, the rotary valve 9 divides the pump chamber 13 into two working chambers. The volume of chamber A gradually increases, while the volume of chamber B gradually decreases. The gas pressure in chamber A continues to decrease, and the pumped gas enters chamber A through the cavity in the valve spindle and the rectangular opening on the side. When the rotor vane rotates to the top dead center of the pump chamber 13, the suction process ends. Chamber A reaches its maximum suction volume. The rectangular opening is closed. The pump shaft 11 continues to rotate, and the volume of the original working chamber gradually decreases again. The gas is compressed, and the pressure continues to rise. When the pressure exceeds the spring force of the exhaust valve 7, the gas opens the valve and escapes. The two chambers, A and B, operate alternately. While chamber A is suctioning, chamber B is venting. Each revolution of the pump shaft corresponds to a complete suction and venting cycle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oil-bath rotary vane vacuum pump<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Packaging<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


<\/strong>Principle of operation: see figure. When the eccentric rotor 5 with its two vanes 6 rotates clockwise, vane G slides along the inner wall of the pump housing 8 under the pressure of spring 4 and its own centrifugal force. The right suction chamber continues to expand, and the pumped gas flows through the suction port l. When the other vane passes the suction port, the sucked-in gas is sealed off and the suction process is completed. The rotor continues to rotate; the isolated gas is gradually compressed, and the pressure rises. If the pressure exceeds the pressure at the discharge valve 3, the gas pushes the discharge valve 3 open through the exhaust pipe and is discharged through the oil and the pump\u2019s discharge port. During pump operation, the vanes divide the pump chamber into two working chambers: A (suction chamber) and B (discharge chamber). With each revolution of the eccentric rotor, two suction and discharge cycles take place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Graduation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In the packaging process, feeders play a crucial role in ensuring a smooth and efficient supply of material to the dosing devices. The various types of feeders\u2014such as gravity feeders, belt feeders, chain conveyors, vibratory feeders, and rotary table feeders\u2014are designed to meet the different requirements of various materials and packaging processes. These devices must be tailored to the physical and chemical properties of the products being fed to ensure reliability and prevent problems such as jams or misalignment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition, vacuum pumps\u2014such as oil-sealed eccentric rotor pumps and rotary vane pumps\u2014are integral components of vacuum packaging machines and ensure the proper vacuum level for product preservation. Selecting the right feeding and vacuum equipment ensures an efficient, reliable, and safe packaging process, which is essential for meeting production and quality standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    Learn about the various feeding devices (gravity, belt, vibration, etc.) and vacuum pumps (oil-bath eccentric rotor and rotary vane) used in packaging machines for efficient material handling and vacuum packaging processes.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Comprehensive Guide to Feeding and Vacuum Devices in Packaging Machines","_seopress_titles_desc":"Informieren Sie sich \u00fcber die verschiedenen Zuf\u00fchrger\u00e4te (Schwerkraft, Band, Vibration usw.) und Vakuumpumpen (Exzenterrotor im \u00d6lbad und Drehschieber), die in Verpackungsmaschinen f\u00fcr eine effiziente Materialhandhabung und Vakuumverpackungsprozesse eingesetzt werden.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[{"url":"","title":"","desc":"","thumbnail":"","duration":"","rating":"","view_count":"","tag":""}],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[96],"class_list":["post-9224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-vacuum-packaging"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9224","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9224"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9224\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9237,"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9224\/revisions\/9237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lintyco.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}